FieldMarking

June 20, 2007

Those annoying crows

Filed under: behavior, crow nuisance, home, identification, sounds — cyndy @ 6:41 pm

When the weather is mild at this time of year, we can sleep with windows open. Even if windows aren’t open, the local American crows (Corvus brachyrhychos) make such a ruckus in the early morning that one can’t help but wake up and curse them.
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Of course, I have a fondness for crows so my curses are more like, “Let’s see, that was a double caw series, they should be about to chase the intruders off their territory. Oh, right, I haven’t collected data on crows in more than ten years, if only I could ignore them and go back to sleep.”

I spent a year back in the 1990s waking up early three times a week to follow crows for an hour on three different territories. I counted how many times they gave each kind of vocalization, noted whether they were facing in or out of territories as they vocalized, and watched for other behaviors like chasing and socializing.

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June 16, 2007

Penguins and polar bears?

Filed under: indirect observation, literature — cyndy @ 9:36 pm

The pedants in our family delight in mocking biologically incorrect media portrayals. You know, cavemen battling dinosaurs, polar bears frolicking with penguins, red-tailed hawk sounds coming from bald eagles, etc.

So observations of penguins in the oceans of the great white north are troubling. LiveScience reports:

A Humboldt penguin known only from the Southern Hemisphere but recently found thousands of miles from home likely was a stowaway on a fishing ship, say scientists.

The seemingly peripatetic penguin turned up in July 2002 when fisherman Guy Demmert netted an atypical batch of salmon off the coast of southeast Alaska. There among the salmon was the Humboldt penguin that somehow had strayed a nearly impossible distance from where the species lives.

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. . .

  • In 1944, a Humboldt penguin was reported off British Columbia’s Queen Charlotte Islands.
  • In 1975, a penguin was spotted near Long Beach in Washington.
  • In 1978, up to three Humboldts were seen off the coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
  • In 1985, a penguin was reported off the coast of Washington.

Source: Boersma and Van Buren 2007.
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June 12, 2007

Google Docs is tipping

Filed under: bioblitz, biodiversity informatics, technology — cyndy @ 11:42 am

Google docs

This is only tangentially related to wildlife observation, but some of you may be interested. Google Docs, the free online service that allows collaboration and maintenance of spreadsheets and word-processed documents, has been around since last October. After a flurry of reviews and some half-hearted suggestions we try to use it, it kind of faded from memory.

This week, however, three more or less unrelated projects I’m involved in have started to use it. For example, the Blogger BioBlitz spreadsheet. I did most of my heavy duty manipulation using Microsoft Excel, which is a good thing because I don’t think it is easy to grab a region and automatically fill in columns as you can in Excel. Rather than email my version to others for proofreading and whatever else needs to be done, I posted it to Google Docs and invited the other data junkies to work on it there too. I hope this will avoid problems with individual versions getting out of synchrony. Next I’ll invite all the bloggers who participated to take a look and let me know if they have changes. The best thing about it so far is the ability to see who’s been making what changes, and potentially even revert to a previous version.

Two other colleagues of mine have, for the first time, posted manuscripts online for us to collaborate on. So, for reasons unknown, suddenly Google Docs appears to be worth trying, suggesting to me that the application is tipping. Perhaps we just needed a few months of awkward attempts to solve our collaboration problems in other ways to convince us Google Docs might be better.

June 11, 2007

Cannibalism

Filed under: behavior — joel @ 9:09 am

Ants are always a problem here. Our general approach to vermin control is to apply the Russian folk wisdom “if you don’t feed them, they die”, and we’re pretty good at not leaving food out. Behold the gruesome result.

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The fact that these ants are out and about indicates that they are workers, and, therefore, female. The one in the middle was dragging the one on the left (deceased) back to her voracious queen, who needs the protein. She was attacked by her sister, and a fight ensued over the corpse. This confused me, since I assumed they were all on the same side. Aren’t ants supposed to be paragons of cooperation? Can anyone explain this? (My evidence that they’re from the same colony is that they originated from the same hole in the wall. Perhaps this evidence is weak.)

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June 5, 2007

Swifts and spitballs

Filed under: observation, phenology, plant — cyndy @ 9:18 pm

We are now entertained on our evening walks by chimney swifts, Chaetura pelagica, chattering as they forage over the rooftops.

Freshly dropped sweetgum seed pods (Liquidambar styraciflua, what some kids call “spit balls”) litter the sidewalks, and our deck is covered by the decaying remains of the tulip poplar petals (Liriodendron tulipifera).

Lots of adult cottontails (Sylvilagus floridanus) everywhere, too.

I’d make a haiku out of this but the names alone would put me over the syllable limit.

Nitrogen fix.

Filed under: Uncategorized — joel @ 2:11 pm

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Meet Bradyrhizobium. You can’t see him in this picture of common lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus), but he’s there. The bacterium lives in symbiosis with the plant, acquiring nitrogen from the atmosphere and fertilizing the soil. In exchange, the plant provides carbon and almost a quarter of its photosynthate. (Hmm, could massive lupine invasion be responsible for the nitrogen runoff that presumably is contributing to the livelihood of Lac Mercier’s cyanobacteria? It seems unlikely; I haven’t seen any areas completely taken over by lupine.)

More about the bacteria: The genus Bradyrhizobium is but one of several taxa of rhizobia - nitrogen fixers that live symbiotically in the roots of leguminous plants and provide the biosphere with the lion’s share of its nitrogen. The symbiosis is far more complex than described above. The good folks at microbewiki break it down

More about the plant: Native to western North America, Lupinus polyphyllus has been widely introduced as both an ornament in gardens and as a soil improver and stabilizer. It escapes frequently. With its competitive nature, and its ability to change the native soil chemistry in favour of nitrogen-demanding species, it has the capacity to become invasive. For the most part though, it’s more of a “let’s keep our eye on it” kind of species, and rarely is of high concern. The northern Europeans have a nice fact sheet on it.

June 3, 2007

Moths, moths, and more moths

Filed under: identification, observation — cyndy @ 6:35 pm

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yellow moth 2Oh look, a blue cooler
I’m slowly embarking on some moth blacklighting and photography. First, I started blacklighting, thanks to Charlie Mitter and Amanda Roe. Then Jen Orth pointed me to the infamous CCRRFDv2 device for flash photography. Next I’ll have to learn more about collecting. Meanwhile, I’m learning that the bottleneck truly is identification. I don’t have access to a serious print guide to moths either at home or in my offices, and the online resources have not been consistently useful. So far I’ve tried:

bugguide.net — refreshing the page to review batches of thumbnails helps narrow down what group to explore
whatsthatbug.net
— pictures and IDs are helpful, but there’s no particular organization
NBII’s Butterflies and Moths of North America — could be useful, but the images are organized by family and I don’t know those yet
Animal Diversity Web galleries — useful to browse through, but you cannot easily limit views to just adults or larvae
John Snyder has a brief tutorial to help narrow down major groups
Moth Photographers Group – a wealth of material, with useful full plates, especially Bob Patterson’s Moths of Prince George’s County, Maryland.

For a novice, like me, however, who wants to search visually, I recommend the Flickr group:
Field Guide: Butterflies & Moths of North America
which has a nifty way to filter the photographs in the group pool by size and color:


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Originally uploaded by Anita Gould.


Of course, most of these sites lag when nomenclature changes over time, and the expertise of those who identify the images certainly varies. Ideally, I’d love to be able to filter a pool of photos by size, color, and location to get a reasonable sample to examine. This would require either a vast bank of photos or some smarts about geographic ranges.

In the end, when hours of searching haven’t been successful, there’s always the ID Please group at Flickr.

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